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Second English test

            The world is facing a 'global epidemic in need of a global effort', according to a panel of experts on tobacco control, who met at the United Nations Tuesday to commemorate World No Tobacco Day. Tobacco control cannot be left to national endeavors, said Haik Nikogosian, head of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Rather, what is needed is 'global cooperation' — the best example of which is the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), which came into force in 2005.

            Although the FCTC is the first United Nations treaty on public health, it is already one of the most widely embraced international treaties in existence, having been ratified by more than 170 countries to date. The treaty calls on governments to ban tobacco advertising and promotion, create smoke-free public spaces, put prominent health warnings on tobacco packaging, combat illicit trade in tobacco products, and adopt tax and price measures to reduce tobacco consumption.

            Joseph Deiss, president of the U.N. General Assembly, noted that smoking usually kills people in their economically productive years, thus adding to poverty as families lose their breadwinners. And, he added, 'It is the poor who now smoke the most. ‘Increased tax revenue would have a particularly significant impact in the developing world, where tobacco consumption has been steadily rising. By 2030, 70-80 percent of deaths from tobacco will occur in low- and middle-income countries, according to Patricia Lambert of the Framework Convention Alliance. 'Africa fits squarely into that,' she added.

            '[Farmers] are growing tobacco out of necessity. They want to pay for school fees, they want to pay for medications against malaria and other diseases,' Justin Seruhere, a minister with the Tanzanian Mission, told IPS. The panel acknowledged that the best solution for these farmers is to transition to cultivating less harmful products. Lambert said that it would be decades before a crop shift would affect farmers, and in that time, ministries of agriculture could help them make the switch. She added that tobacco production often results in a poverty trap for individual farmers, who borrow loans and fall deeper and deeper into debt.

I/ READING COMPREHENSION (08pts)

A. Give a title to the text (01pt)

1)………………………………………………………………..

B. Give two consequences of smoking from the text. (01pts)

2) ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3) ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

C. Give two solutions of smoking from the text. (01pts)

4) ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

5) ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

D. Contextual referencing: What do the underlined words refer to in the text? (01pt)

6. It (paragraph 2): ……………………………………………..

7. He (paragraph 3): ……………………………………………..

E. Say if these statements true or false and justify by quoting from the text (02pts)

8.  Many measures are taken worldwide to reduce tobacco consumption.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

9. Farmers are growing up tobacco because they need it.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

F. Vocabulary in context: Find in the text the synonyms for the following words (01pt)

10. To celebrate (para1): ………………………

11. Publicity (para2): ……………………

G. Information transfer: Complete the chart with information from the text( 01pt)

II/ LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE: (07pts)

A. Complete this girl’s story with the right form and tense. (02pts)

An old smoker said: “I (smoke) ……………………………… for more than 30 years. Last year a doctor (tell)………… me that if I (stop /smoke) ……………...……………. I will die. I (not/believe) ………………………. him but now I have realized what he was telling because I know I am a big cigarette-addict”.

B. Feel in the gaps with the most appropriate questions, answers and tags. (03pts)

ALY: I hope that you have once smoked, …………………….?

MAC: No, I ……………….,

ALY: ……………………………………………………………….?

MAC: Because cigarette is harmful for my health.

ALY: Yes, I know that but now I can no longer stop smoking.

MAC: ……………………………………………………..………………….?

ALY: I have been smoking for thirteen years

MAC:  …………………………………. to stop smoking?

ALY: ………… I really want to stop.

C. Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meanings. (02 pt)

1. Smoking cigarettes cannot be legal in public areas under any circumstances.

Under no circumstances ………………………………………………………………………

2. Tobacco control depends on both national endeavors and on global cooperation.

Not only ………………………………………………………………………………………

III. Essay writing (05pts) choose one topic and deal with it. (max.15 lines)

Topic1: A boy said: “Some people are smoking to please to young girls” According to you what are reasons of boys’ smoking?

Topic2: One of your friends is a big smoker, so write him a letter to tell him the dangers of cigarette and try to talk him to stop.